Morphology | Difference between morphology and Syntax
Morphology
Que. Define morphology. How is it different from Syntax?
The word morphology is of Greek origin. The term 'morph' means a shape or form and morphology means the study of forms.
The term morphology was originally used in Biology but since the middle of the 19th Century it has also been used to describe the study of all those basic elements that are used in a language. These basic elements are technically known as morphemes.
Definition of Morphology:
Morphology is the branch of linguistics that deals with the words, their internal structure and how they are formed.
Morphology is the study of the smallest grammatical unit of a language. It is the field of linguistics focused on the study of the forms and the formation of words in a language including their inflection, derivation and composition.
Broadly speaking, it is the study of how words are formed, where they originate from, what their grammatical forms are, how and why their forms change and on what basis the parts of speech of a language are formed.
Words in a language consist of at least one element. This element is called a morpheme. Morpheme is the smallest indivisible unit which has meaningful content and grammatical function. A Morpheme is not identical to a word. Morpheme may or may not stand alone where as a word can stand alone.
Morpheme can be defined as a word or part of a word that has a semantic content and that contains no smaller part with the semantic content.
For example, the word unforgivable has three morphemes {un} is a prefix meaning 'not' + {forgive} is the root Morpheme + {able} is an adjective forming suffix.
In an another example the word book has one morpheme while the word books has two morpheme i.e. book, -s.
| Important Links | |
|---|---|
| American Literature | Thoreau's Civil Disobedience |
| British Literature | King Lear (Summary & Plot) |
| Indian English Writings | Kamala Das |
| Literary Criticism | Edward Said: Orientalism |
Difference between Morphology & Syntax :
| Morphology | Syntax |
|---|---|
| Morphology studies the structure of words. | syntax studies the structure of sentence. |
| Morphemes are the smallest units of study in morphology. | words are the smallest units of study in syntax. |
| Morphology studies how words are formed. | syntax studies words order and the role of words within the sentence structure. |
| Morphology looks at words and their individual relationship what is being expressed within the sentence. | syntax looks at the components of the words in a sentence and their relation to each other. |
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