TANTUWAYS

 Criticism of Marxist theory of State Q. Critically examine the Marxist theory of State w.r.t. Dictatorship of Proletariat. Answer : Marxist Theory of State views state as an artificial device as opposed to the natural or ethical institution as held by the organic theory. Marxist theory is the class perspective on State. According to which, the state comes into existence when society is divided into two antagonist classes, the dominant class and the dependent class.  Marxist theory treats State as an instrument of capitalist class to control, contain and oppress the working class. The dominant class owns the means of production and uses the machinery of the state to serve its own interests which involve the exploitation of the dependent class.  The pioneers of the class theory of the state—Marx, Engels and Lenin—have made it amply clear that the state is but an instrument of class rule and exploitation. Karl Marx famously proclaimed "State is nothing but an executive c...

 Pluralist Theory of State Q. Comment on: Pluralist Theory of State. Answer : Pluralist theory of State is based on the belief that sovereignty resides not only with the State but many other institutions. It holds that State acts as an umpire or referee in society. Pluralist Theory of State was developed against the monistic theory of State which upholds the legal and absolute sovereignty of the state. Pluralist theory holds that political power should be regarded as analytically distinct from economic power. According to the Pluralist notion, there can be various sources of political power.  Many  social, political, cultural and economic institutions exercise influence in society. For example, family,  religious institutions, charitable trusts, etc. Pluralism as a theory of society asserts that within liberal democracies power is widely and evenly dispersed. Pluralism as a theory of State holds that the state is neutral in so far it is susceptible to the influence o...